APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000540070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY JPRS L/ 10576 10 June 1982 ~ ~ " S~bl~al~~ran Afr~ca Re ort p FOUO No. 775 ~g~$ FOREIGN BROADCAST INFORMATION SERVICE - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 NOTE _ JPRS publications contain information pri?.narily from foreign newspapers, per iodicals and books, but also from news agency transmissions and broadcasts. Mat~rials from foreign-language sources are translated; those from English-language sources are transcribed or reprinted, with the original phrasing and other characteristics retained. Headlines, editorial reports, and material enclosed in brackets are supplied by JPRS. Processing indicatora such as [-Pext] or [c;xcerpt] in the first line of each item, or following the _ last line of a brief,: indicate how the original information was processed. Where no processing indicator is gxven, the infor- mation was summarized or extracted. LTnfamiliar names rendered phonetically or translitexated are ~ enclosed in pareiitheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- _ tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the original but have been supplied as appropriate in context. - Other unattributed parenthetical notes wlth in the body :;f an ;.tem originate with the source. Times within items are as given by source. The contents of this publication in no way represent the poli- c ies, views or at.titLd~ ~ of the U. S. Governmei~t . J COPYRIGHT LAWS AND REGULATIONS GOVERNING OWNERSHIP OF _ MATERIALS REPR~DUCED HEREIN REQUIRE THAT DISSEMINATION - OF THIS PUR?,ICATION BE RESTRICTED FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY. APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFiCIAL USE ONLY ~ JPRS L/10576 ~ ~ 10 June 1982 ~ SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA REPORT ' FOUO No. 775 ~ CONTENTS ~vcoLa Briefs EEC Food Grant 1 Portuguese Missionary Assassinated 1 CAPE VERDE B.r.iefs OPEC Grant 2 ~ CIlVTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Kolinga Gives Priority to Economic Development (MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEEDTS, 30 Apr 82) 3 CHAD Real Conflict Said To Be Between Far Northern Factions (Jacques Lat remoliere; MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDlTERRANEEN5, 12 Mar 82) 4 Briefs Refugee Repatriation 7 CONGO ~ Briefs Algerian Draft Agreement 8 Fi fth URFC Congres s 8 ~ EQUATORIAL GUINEA Results of Meetin~ of Money Len ders in Geneva (MARCH~S TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANE"IIVS, 30 Apr 82) 9 Briefs ~ French Irivestment Pact 11 - a - [:LII - NE & A- 120 FOUO] . . . . . APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFF1C?~AL USE ONLY ETHI OPIA Briefs 12 Soviet HeL copt er powned GABON Briefs 13 Premier Addresses Nationel Assembly 13 Progress on Trans-Gabonese Railroa.d , CHANA Vol~tary 31.st December Movement of Great Britain Formed 14 (GNA, 10 May 82) GUINEA Economic Shortcomings of Socialism Noted ( Bernarcl Cazelles ;~~S TFtOPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS , 30 Apr 82) 15 GUINEA-BISSAU Briefs 19 World Bank,, Arab Port Financing MADAGASCAR , Briefs 20 Military Promotions NI.IZAMBIQUE Briefs 21 GDR Agricultural Cooperation NAP~~3IA Officials Argue Over Territory's Economic State (Dsvid Reid; REUrER, 31 M~Y 82) 22 NIGER Journal Reports on BD1~J's Aid to Development ~ (~SARCri~,S TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS, 19 M~' 82) . . . . � . � . . � 25 Briefs ~7 Youth Festival ' 27 Agricultural, Stoc.~raising Training Centers SAO TO:~ AP7D PRINCIPE - Briefs ' 28 EEC F'a1m Pla.ntation Financing - b - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 . SE~rEGAL Rura1 Development Pro~ect To Increase Food Production - (MI~RCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDI'PE'RRANEIIYS, 30 Apr 82) 29 ~ Briefs French-Senegalese Cooperation Agreement 31 EDTEIrSIIJELr,C Cooperation 31 Loan to ICS 32 EDF Gum Plantations Loan 32 Munich Senegalese Wee~s 32 . University Opening Delayed 32 ~ Higher Bread ?rices 32 ~ ~ - c - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFI('IAL USF ONLY ANGOLA I ~ BRIEFS EEC FOOD GRANT--The EEC has granted two emergency food grants to Ang~ls. Their total amount comes to 2.4 million ECU's [European Currency i3nit]. The fi:st (3,150 tons of grain, 350 tons of powder~ed ~ilk and 200 tons of butterfat) is for the country's southern residents, who have had to f lee from South African attacks. The second (2,695 tons of grain and 500 ~~ons of butterfat) is for the 60,000 Namibian refugees who have been given shelter in camps in Angola and will be distributed through a charitable organization. [T~xtJ [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in Frencli No 1894, 26 Feb 82 p 638] [COPYRIGHT: Fca~ne Moreux et Cie, Paris 1982] 11915 , PORTUGUESE MISSIONARY ASSASSINATID--In an action described F~y the authorities ~ as "pure banditism," a Portuguese missionary, F~ther Manuel Lima, and 3 other persons of Angolan nationality, including a nun, were assassinated by machine gun fire on 3 February ~n a road on the outskirts of the capital. Funerals - for the missionaries were held the following weel~ond in the presence of Mgr D. Eduardo Andre Muaca, archbishop of Luanda. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82 p 638] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et C~.e, Paris 1982] 11915 CSO: 4719/724 ~ ~ ; ~ 1 - FOR OFFIC[AL USE ~NLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500070022-5 FOii aFFICIAI. USE ON1.Y ~ ' CAPE VERDE - BRIEFS � _ OPEC GRANT--The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) will grant a$1-million subsidy to Cape Verde, it was learned in Praia on 23 February. An agreement to this effect should be signed in Vienna sometime in March. [TextJ [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERR~INEENS in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 680] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie, Paris 1982] 11915 ~ CSO: 4719/724 2 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500074422-5 FOR OFFfCIAL USE ONLY ~ CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC ~ I f ' KOLINGA GIVES PRIORITY TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p.1158 [Text] According to a recent.bulletin from the AFP in Bangui, President Kolingba has decided to take up the development battle in his country, closely linking the rural world into his economic recovery pro~ect. ~.ctually, in order to meet the challenge, the chief of state is f irst of all betting on the rural world, whose production is the basis of the Central ,~'African economy and represents the main re~ources of over 80 percent of the . active Population. Furthermore, they provide most Central African exports, from 60 to 77 percent between 1971 and 1977 and 54 percent in 1978. . This policy, the A,FP notes, is in contrast with that of the preceding govern- ments, which gave up specific actions in favor of developing rural.regions, fa~.ling to maintain rca3s and trails, whence the impossibility of marketing - local agricultural products. Moreover, the peasants were overwhelmed by many taxes, charges and various levies. = Eight months after he came to power, General Kolingba is determined to gradually rever~e the trend. The imminent establishment of an agricu'_tural credit fund and the increase in the price of cottonseed per kilogram (70 CFA , francs instead of 60) illustrate the chief of state's deteiviination to bring the peasant world into the recovery effort and improve the living conditions of a large part of the population. On 16 April, the Central African chief of state launched the 1982-1983 economic campaign, speaking to over 20;000 persons gathered together in Bambari (se~ MARCHES TROPICAUX, 23 April 1982, p 1~01). Furthermore, since 20 April, the ministers have been touring prefectures in order to make the people aware of the need to develop agriculture, which should make it possible to ha:?t the rural exodus. - General Kolingba also believes that it is indispensable to proceed to a policy of decentralization and bring peasants into the decis:ion-making process. ror the chief of state, the first goal of the economic recovery program con- ' sists of producing 30,000 tons of cottonseed during the 1982-1983 sea.son, which, according to observers, is an ambitious ob,jective. COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux Paris 1982 ~ 11,464 CSO: 4719/898 3 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 . FQR OFFi('IAL USF: ON1.Y CHAD REAL CONFLICT SAID TO BE BETWLEN FAR NORTHERN EACTIONS Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET 1~DITER.~.ANEENS in French No~1896, 12 Mar 82 pp 717-718 [Article by Jacques Latremoliere: "Glimmers of Reconciliation in Chad?"] [Text] The recent visit of the GUNT (Transitional National Union Government~of Chad) foreign affairs minister to Par ia has been mentioned only briefly despite his improvised press conference. Mr Acyl Ouled Ahmat was received at the offices on Rue Mon~ieur, Uut he also had other contscts with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs outside its designated premises. It appears~that the uncertainty of the times prompted both parties to exercise discretion, indeed to not allow themselves to be compromised. This is regrettable, since many interesting questions could have been clarified with a less furtive visit, questions concerning the related problems created by the advance of the FAN (Northern Armed Forces) towar3 the west and GUNT's attitude, still firm or possibly softening, toward a possible agreement, in one form or another, with Mr Hissein Habre and his followers. With regard to the first question, it is known that Oum-Hajer, on the so-called 13th-parallel road linking N~amena with Abeche via Ati, after being taken by government forces, has been recaptured by Mr Hissein Habre, who is still holding it at the present time. Located on the southern bank of a river whose waters flow only from July to September, it is the heart of the great Arab transhumance of the red and black Masiriyah, actually descendants of Amar and Azrouk, whose sympathies have been acquired as a result of blood ties~ with Mr Acyl Ouled Ahmat. It is not a city, just a village of lesa than 1,U00 inhabitants, whose only permanent buildings are those of the government. ~It is also the crossroads of the 13th-parallel road and the trail which descends from the traditional grazing areas of Ouaddi Enn and Ouaddi Haddad to the more southerly region of Guera. The strategic value which it could have at first glance is reduced by . the use of military 4-wheel-drive vehicles. GUNT troops, all united under the command of an FAT (Chadian Armed Forces) officer, Alaffi, hold 'Mangalme, a small community about 100 lan south of Oum-Ha,jer and the intersection of trails leading northeast to Abeche, southwest to Aboudeia, � west to the provincial capital of Guera, Mongo, and beyond to N~amena via Bokoro. - If it is po,~sible to speak of a front on such shifting terrain, it would be ~ located ~etween Oum-Hajer and Mangalme at present. . ~ FO~t OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONI.Y According to reports from Njamena, FAN forces number about 4,000 men with abundant automotive materiel and weapons, including recoilless guns and heavy machine guns in addition to individual arms. The supply of munitions appears to be no problem. A small number of foreign technicians have been reported among Hissein Habre's associates. GUNT troops ntmmber more than 10,000 men. They have benefited from the recent logistic support provided by France in the form of vehicles, fuel, light and semiheavy arms, but the circtnnstances under which such support was dispensed, � at a time when Mr Acyl Ouled Ahmat was falsely accused of attempting a coup d'etat against Mr Goukouni Oueddei, resulted in a large part of it being diverted to Kanem and Tibesti. What could be called the central army, the only one active, has thus unfortunately been deprived of fuel and munitions. Its cohesion, despite ~he single comma:nd established, is not comparable to that , of its enemy either. To complete this quick survey of battle lines, finally, we should remember the occupation, which is to end soon, of the three communities of Ati, Mongo and - Moussoro by the inter-African armed forces, whose general staffs are located in Njamena. ~ For the time being, the problem is one of knowing whether FAN's advance toward ttie west has been checked by the effective opposition of GUNT troops based at Mangalme or whether their temporary halt is only because of the presence, with very political significance, of inter-African forces at Mongo and Ati. Njamena naturally defends the first interpretation. If the second one is correct, Hissein Habre's advance should resume shortly. Concerning the second question mentioned above, i.e., the determination of GUNT, a:~d particularly of its minister of foreign affairs, to reject any form of reconciliation with Hissein Habre and his supporters, a distinction should perhaps be made between the official version and the more realistic and less personalized remarks of Njamena officials. The official version is that Hissein Habre and his two close associates, Adoum Meskin and Michel Froud;` have been sentenced to death by a people's court. But - GUNT has also granted full and complete amnesty to all Chadian opponents and exiles. In the eyes of GUNT members, sitting down with Mr Hissein Habre around a negotiating table would mean a denial of justice for the Chadian people. It would contain the seed of a possible third civil war. On the other hand, it would be legally conceivable for Mr Hissein Habre and his two associates, after laying down their arms, to claim an amnesty from which they could benefit just like any other Chadian citizen. It is obvious that, presented in this blunt form, the hypothesis can only be popular. Mr Acyl Ouled Ahmat himself agrees. But in Njamena it is believed that since the ultimate goal of all parties, with- out exception, is to bring about free elections making it possible to form a *Concerning Mr Michel Froud, cf. MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS of 16 May ; 1980, p 1158. ~ ' S , FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY government in accord with the real wishes of the Chadian people, there would be no obstacle, if the status of Messrs Hissein Habre, Adoum Meskin and Michel Froud could be settled, even temporarily, to the FAN entering the election contest, w?iich would provide a sovereign response to their possible participation in a permanent government. However precarious and delicate this solution appears _ to be to negotiate, the very fact that it has been mentioned constitutes a new factor, which the good offices of friendly nations and the OAU could perhaps strive to reinforce. But there is another, deeper obstacle to real reconciliation. No one likes to talk about it except in private, although it is at the bottom of most Chadian hearts. As is too commonly thought abroad, it is not to be found in a religious conflict between the two Ctnads, ~hat of the north and that of the south. Born in Mangalme in 1964, the social phenomenon initially called rebellion is explained by the failure, which had gone on for 50 years and which independence made it . impossible to tolerate any longer, to recognize the legal and linguistic identity of the northern peoples. ~No one today is willing to pursue the war for fiscal or administrative reasons, since common suffering long ago led to an understand- - ing of the need for improvements in this regard. Nothing beyond remedy separates the Chad of the 13th paralle 1 from the Chad of cotton. To recall an example which has of.ten been ignored, we should remember that in 1979 Mr Acyl Ouled Ahmat joined with Colonel Kamougue against the combined forces of Mr Hissein Habre and Mr Goukouni and that the intervention of his small army was decisive in the victory of Pala. The real conflict today is no longer between the north and south, but between the factions of the far north, from which have emerged two military leaders whose customs, history and ethnic background make them more different from other Chadians than the average Frenchman is from the gypsies of Saintes-Maries- de-la-Mer The fact tltat the real conflict is limited to'these two brother enemies does not mean that its settlement will be any easier. On the contrary, it is what constitutes its inexpiable nature. COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 19a2 11915 CSO: 4719/730 6 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 . FOR ~FFICIAI~ USE ONLY CHAD BRIEFS ~ REFUGEE REPATRIATION--On 12 *"larch in Geneva, a spokesman from the UN High Commission on Refugees (HCR) announced that the operation for repatriation of Chadian refugees organized by this organization will be completed by the end of this month. Two hundred thousanl Chadians who fled to Cameroon have al.ready returned to their country. According to HCR estimates, between 30,000 and 40,000 Chadian refugees escaped by their own means to Nigeria where the chances of finding work are better than in the other countries bordering on Chad, and have been assembled in Camp Poli, situated 500 km south of the Chari Riv~er which marks the boundary between Chad and Cameroon. Camp Kousseri, where most refugees had been gathered on the Cameroonian bank of th e Chari, will be closed at the end of the month. Starting on 1 April, only a small HCR team will remain in Nd~amena for several weeks in order to , distribute $5 million worth of food and tools to recently repatriated refugec:s. [Text] [Paris MARCHE$ TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897 p 799] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 CSO: 4719/755 ' ; ; ~ I ; 7 FOR OFFICI.AL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY CONGO BRIEFS ALGERIAN DRAFT AGREEMENT--A protocol concerning cooperation in the field of education, training and scientif ic research was signed on 12 March between Congo and Algeria. The protocol involved inter-university exchanges, scientific research, the equivalence of diplomas between the two countries' universities and institutes, and the awarding of scholarships and training grants. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 g 801] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 FIFTH URFC CONGRESS--The fifth congress of the Revolutionary Union of Congolese Women (URFC) terminated its work on 13 March in Brazzaville, with the head of state, Colonel Sassou Nguesso, presiding. In a speech Colonel Nguesso expressed hope that the union "would tap all the energies of the - women" by rallying the greatest possible number of women to it, including expatriates who so desire. According to a communique, Elise Therese Gammassa was reelected national president of the union. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPI~CAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 801] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 ~ CSO: 4719/755 8 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY EQUATORIAL GUINEA i ~ . RESULTS OF MEETING OF MnNEY LENDERS IN GENEVA Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1158 [Text] The conference of financisl backers organized in Geneva by the UNDP on behalf of the reconstruction of Equatorial Guinea ended on 21 April, after 3 days of work. The conferenee was opened by Presid~nt Obiang Nguema (see - MARCHES TROPICAUX, 23 April 1982, p 1101). According to a bulletin from the United Nations, the level of f inancing that may be attained will not be known until the end of the consultations begun between the organizations participating in the conference, donor countries and - Equatorial Guinea. The Malabo government had in fact drafted a reconstruction program spread out over 3 years and whose estimated cost was $141 million. However, semi-official sources in Geneva indicated on 21 April that the figure might be around $90 m ~ $90 million. Twenty-nine countries participated in ~he conference: 12 industrialized coun- tries, five Latin American and five Arab nations, two from East Europe ?nd India. For their part, the United Nations was represented.by seven~of its specialized institutions: the ILO (International Labor Organization), the FAO - (Food and Agriculture Organization), UNESCO, the WHO (World Health Organiza- tion), the International Telecommunications Union (IZ'U), UNCTAD (UN Conference on Trade and Development) and UNIDO (UN Industrial Development Organization). The conference held f ive plenary sessions, in the course of which it examined documents submitted by the government of Equatorial Guinea. It also set up a technical commission in charge of studying more in det2il the integration - of aid announced by countries and organizations invited so as ta ensure com- pletion of the government's reconstruction and development program, whose cost is an estimated $141 million, including $91 million for top priority projects. The reconstruction and development program was unanimously approved for its - quality by all countries and organizations participating in the conference, according to the official communique. Two delegations nevertheless thought - that it was somewhat ambitious, given the current weakness of the country's ' administrative structures, which limit the ability to absorb foreign aid. The heads of the delegations from the Federal Republic of Germany, Egypt, the United Statesy France and Switzerland indicated the contributions which their = 9 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONL~' APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/42/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500074422-5 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY governments could make to the program. Other delegation heads from partic:i-- pating countries indi~ated their suppor�t for the program~ without thereby furnishing details on their future contributions to its execution. The head of the delegation from the Holy See also described measures taken so that Catholic assistance organizations might take responsibility, in their respec- tive domains and in keep~ng with their possibilities, for overall development projects in Equatorial Guinea. For their part, de~eQation heads from the ADB [African Development Bank], BADEA [Arab Bank for African Economic Development], the World Bank, the EEC, FAD [International Fund for Agricultural Development], the IMF and the UNDP agreed to f inance certain parts of the program corres- ponding to the mandates and priorities of their respective organizations. Finally, the specialized organizations and institutions in the UN system pro- - mised their technical aid in the implementation of projects for which they would serve as agencies ~of execu tion. > In the light of the promises made by the participating countries and organiza- ' tions, chances of ensuring..the financing of a large part of the program seem. very high. However, one must await the end of consultations begun between the government of Equatorial Guinea and the countries and organizations participat- ing in the conference in order to be able to advance with certainty the level of financing that might be attained: Some of these consultations will r~ot be comple~ed until the coming months. So that the program for the reconstruction and development of Equatorial Guinea might benefit from the broadest possibTe support on the part of the interna- tional community and so that its implementation might be as effective and rapid as possible, the conference chose three mechanisms for coordination and follow- up. The f irst consists of holding a meeting of f inancial backers every month or every two months in Malabo, under the aegis of the government, particu- � larly those backers represented locally. The purpose would be to have a regu- lar review of financing and implementation of the program, whose results would be sent to all money lenders who pledged to contribute to completion of Ehe program. The second mechanism deals with the evaluation of results obtained in the main sectors of the program and an examination of these results during special meetings of all backers active in the sector under study. Finally, it is planned ~to organize an overall conference.toward the end of 1984 or be- ginning of 1985, for the purpose of evaluating the program in a.way and place to be specified later, based on experience acquired during execution of the program. For its part, the government of Equatorial Guinea has pledged to rationalize and strengthen its structures of economic coordination and manage- ment so as to ensure completion of the program with the maximum effectiveness. COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982 ~ 11,464 CSO: 4719/898 10 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400540070022-5 FOR OF~'ICIAL USE ONLY i ~ EQTJATORIAL GUINEA . f _ ~ ~ ~ BRIEFS ~ FRENCH INVESTMENT PACT--An agreement concerning reciprocal encouragement and protection of investments was signed between France and . Guinea on ~ 3 March 1982 in Paris. This agreement, which will enable the French Govern- . ~ ment to guarantee French industrial, agricultural and commercial investments in Equatorial. Guinea, will create the conditions for increased French partic- ipation in tne development of this country, which has been sorely tried by 11 . years of dictatorship and which has ma~or economic potential, especially in the fields.of mining, forestry and shipping. The delegation from the Republic of Equatorial Guinea to the signing of the agreements was headed by Luciano Edjang Mbo, commissioner of state for public works, housing, transport and urban affairs. The French delegation was headed by Jean-Claude Trichet, ~ � deputy secretary at Treasury headquarters. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX j ET M~DITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 799] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux i . et Cie Paris 1981J 9380 I � ~ CSO: 4719/755 I~ ~ ; ~ ; ~ i 11 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400540070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ETHIOPIA BRIEFS SOVIET HELICOPTER DOWNED--Beirut, 22 May (REUTER)--Guerrillas fighting t?~.e Ethiopian Government for the independence of Eritrea Province today said they had killed 100 government troops and woimded 200 in fighting this week. � A statement issued here by the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF) said the fighting was aroimd the northern town of Keren, an important crossroads between the provincial capital of Asmara :od the EPLF stronghold of Nakfa. The statement did not give EPLF casualties. :.~n the road to Nakfa the guerrillas shot down a Soviet-made MI-24 helicopter gunship on 1$ May, the EPLF said. [Text] [JN222037 London REUTER in English 2030 GMT 22 May 82] CSO: 470(~/1559 12 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R400540070022-5 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY I . ~ ~ ( GABON ~ ? ~ ' BRIEFS ~ PREMIER ADDRESSES NATIONAL ASSEMBLY--The first regular session of the Gabonese ; National Assembly was opened on 20 ApriL by Prime Minister Leon Mebiame. In his address, following that of Assembly President Augustin Boumah, the prime minister said that despite many accomplishments, the most diverse complaints - were still legion. He promised rapid measures and asked members of the govern- ment to prepare for the 1983 Budget starting now. Mebiame warned the Gabonese people against tribalistic tendencies that have been discerned recently and als~o warned foreigner. "We Gabonese know better than anyone else our own problems and our own demons. If we deliberately refrain from interfering in the affairs of others, we disapprove of others intErfeiing in ours and assuming an attitude of distrust and commiseration regarding us that we fina unaccep- table, as if we were not yet capable of handling our own destiny. Are we then ; incompetents, ready to be recolonized?" [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1159] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et , Cie Paris 1982] 11,~+6~+ PROGRESS ON TRANS-GABONESE RAILROAD--The Trans-Gabonese Railroad Office (OCTRA) predicts that by 31 December, the Trans-Gabonese will reach the Nke junction, ~ 14 kilometers from Booue (kilometer marker 232). On 30 October, the Owendo- Ndjole-Ayem-La Lope artery will be open, with the La Lope station finished by 1 October and the Ayem station scheduled to go into service on 1 September. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1159] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cia Paris 1982] 11,464 CSO: 4719/898 , ~ i I a 13 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY -I APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY GHADIA . VOLUNTARY 31ST DECEMBER MOVEMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN FORMED AB101358 London GNA to GNA Accra in English 1345 GMT 10 May 82 [Text] Lon3on, 10 May (G:JA)--The formation of a new voluntary organization-- 31st December Movement nf ~i~at Britain--to support the current Ghana revolution has been announced here. According to the organisers, the main objectives of the movement are to propagate to Ghanaians resident here and the British publ3.c the aims of the revolution and draw attention to the lip-serv3ce democracy preached and practised by Ghanaian politicians since indep~endence. It will also draw attention to the appalling living conditions and social _ deprivation suffered by ordinary Ghanaians before the 31 December revolution led by Flight-Lieutenant Jerry Rawlings, chairman of the ruling Provisional National Defence Council (PNDC). Officers of the new movement are Dr S.N. Ababio, chairman; Baffour Kwame Ohemeng-Ampofi, general secretary; Mrs Nana Anoba Yeboah, welfare officer and Mr Chris Saah and S. Donkor, executive members. Addressing its inaugura~.. meeCing, Baffour Ohemeng-Ampofi urged the members to regard themselves as centres of organisation and inform~tion to dispel _ the wicked rumours circulating about Ghana in Britain. He pointed out that before the 31 December revolution, Ghana needed a ~ leader and not an administrator who would speak about jobs, privileges, education, housing, inequalities between the rich and the poor, and the PNDC - had come to fulfill that role. Mr Ohemeng-Ampofi wondered how Ghanaians were expected to be content with the.ir way of life when the country's riches were shared by the few in positions of power while the poor were reduced to sub-human beings. Dr Abab io also promised to do everything possible to help achieve the aims of the movement so that our children will never suffer the same fate again. CSO: 4700/1252 14 FOR OFF[CIAG USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY i E ~ i : GUINEA ~ ~ i I ~ i s ~ i ~ i ECONOMIC SHORTCOMINGS OF SOCIALISM NOTED . Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 pp 1135-1136 - [Article by Bernard Cazelles] ~ ~ [Excerpt] Since President Giscard d'Estaing's official visit to Conakry in December 1978, Guinea has in principle been em- barking upon a period of openness, causing many French business- i men to go to Conakry at a very time when laborious negotiations have been going forward between the Guinean Government, on the ~ one hand, and, on the other, the French Governa4ent and a number ; of French industrial and commercial companies. , Some of those now visiting Guinea knew it before 1958 and one of them, back from a brief trip to Conakry at the beginning of ; ~ the year, has given us his impressions and ref lections on the ~ situation in Guinea. ; ~ One also finds here, and this is characterfstic of the people of Guinea, a ' sense of hospitality, a kindness, casualness and spontaneity that are def inite- _ ly the expression of a real joie d e vivre. One can take a stroll without being ~ accosted by beggars and other down-~and-outs, although there are many street vendors on the corners. Whether out of forgetfulness or indulgence, the gar- - dens of the future Conakry museum.still boast the statue of Governor Ballay, in office in 1897. Except for the grandiose Palace of the People (built by the Chinese) and a few very rare projects of the.same typ.e, Conakry is the ca].m city of the 1950's, but with, in addition, the ravages of time, and they ' are countless. Revolution ~ Also part of the decor of Conakry today are the signs posted at the intersec- ~ tions informing one, in their messages, that Conakry is still in the revolution: "Revolution is a definitive choice"; "Learn to make revolution by making revo- ~ lution and not by discoursing on revolution"; "Real development begins w~th ' the discovery and use of the basic resource: awareness"; "No economic revolu- tion without a cultural revolution"; and "The PDG (Democratic Party of Guineaj: Energy and compass of the peopl~e's Revolution." 15 FOR OFFiCiAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPR~VED F~R RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Abortive Experiment � The system of staffing and organizing.production, a systpn commonly called "socialism," does not seem-tn have succeeded anywhere in Guinea. In rural ~reas, peasants have gone back to their subsistence economy. What else are they to do when,farm prices are so low that they cannot by consumer goods on the parallel market and when there is nothing to buy z~n the official distribu- t~on circuit controlled by the government? The factories have no spare parts as a result of the lack of money and also of preventive maintenance. Produc- ~ tion is disorganized, if not totally halted. One cannot f~nd local beer in ~ , Conakry, but there is, on the other hand, a rather large choice of imported - beers, at about $4 a bottl,e! The poorly paid civil servants do pu t on a good front, declaring at all times especially when~they answer the phone that they are "Ready for the revolution!" But most of them have grown unaccustomed ~ to working, usually f or lack of the slightest office equipment. - Failing to get the Guinean economy going, despite its enorm~~us potential, the USSR has probably missed "the chance of its life." Soviet cooperation is now harshly denounced for having failed to keep its commitments and in addition, _ for having wondered what it could get out of.Guinea rather than what it could - contribute to it (the only thing for which the average person generally gives ~it credit is having marke~ed refrigerators that are.the only ones able to withstand tb.e variations in tension o~ the public electrical distribution sys- ~ tem). The much greater effectiveness~of Cuban cooperation has not been enough to take the tarnish off the shield of Eastern countries in Guinea. ~ Guinean-type socialism has not been successful in getting a foothold, either through the very merits of the production systan it tried to set up or through the evidence of the virtues of cooperation with frieridly countries coming to preach its example. � As in neighboring Liberia, Guinea's economy can only exist through the conces- sions, mainly in mining, granted to foreign interests, concessions that consti- tute extraterritorial enclaves on national soil. Guinea's economy also owes a great deal to business mixed with politics. ~ Triumph of Affairisme ~ Behind the official facade of t�he government organiz~tion, affairisme is the multitude of undeclared activities. what elsewh~ere is called "the unstructured sector." First,of all; there are the minor tr3des that continue to make up the constant spectacle of the streets: tailors, mechanics, ~rtisans, shop- keepers and, naturally, at night, bars and night clubs. Affairisme is also, one step higher, servi,ces rendered, the intervention that allows one to obtain an authorization or waiver, foreign exchange trafficking (U.S. $1.00 now goes for 100 sylis on the parallel market, while the official exchange rate is 20, or about .26 French francs). And finally, affairisme is the exploitation of the official economy off which it lives as a parasite; goods diverted from the official circuit or stolen at the Conakry port for resale, at a~ � " greater profit, on the black market. ~ ~6 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY The monthly wage of an average civil servant varies from 1,200�to 1,500 sylis, a sum that does not allow one to live decent�ly in Conakry.. A,recent survey showed that in order to make ends meet, a household budget~had to be at least 9,000 sylis a month. It is definitely.business,dealings that make up t1~e difference. It is affairisme that is responsible for the rather �large'number . ; of private cars in the streets of Conakry.~~ The government shuts its eyes to. the~: Economic misdeeds and m3sapproprfations ~are,not severely punished, moreover, if they are at all. Affairisme also eliminates a certain amount of political pressure, which would be even more dif~f icult to stand without~it. ~ Furthermore, it helps .too many people to be done away with! Unless the rise of that affairisme marks a transition to samething new? ; Signs of Opening Are we witnessing a certain lessening of government control over the economy? . ~ ' One could believe this if one~considers the convergence of a number of new ; elements which, in the opinion of all observers living in Conakry, are all' ~ "signs of an z~pening." ~ ~ , First of all, there is the right'of private trade to establish itself. There is also the Investment Code promulgated in March 1980, through which the government wants to entice foreign capital to come develop the enormous poten- tial of natural resources with which nature has endowed the country. ' More than in the past, the off iciai criticism of goverrnnent companies seems~to ~ be oriented ~oward the questioning of the system. This was seen at the tenth session of r_1.ie National Economic Canf erence,.which began its work in July. One has but to read the reports.on it published ~in the government newspaper HOROYA ("Freedom" in Malinke), which attributes the following remarks to the chief of state himself: "All units whose~profitability is not assured will therefore simply be done away with." "Every unit will henceforth be solely ` responsible for its own results. Instead of hcaving 1,000 workers, 500 of whom contribute nothing to the nation and are.", on the coiitrary, supported by ' the nation, we should have only 500,' but paid double. That is the principle we should follow: To each accordin.g to his c~orth." "Now then, if, by some ~ magical decision; the Guinean Goverrnnent should proclaim~that you have instant- ly become the real owners of the units you head, you know that youY very f irst ' reaction would be to get rid of all the unproductive iaorkers~and to immediately weigh all the useless burdens in order to assure.your enterprise af prof its in keeping with the means available to it." Without ac~tually giving up the ~ objectives of the reyolution, does the statement not go so far as to ask the directors of the units in question to "act as if they were the real owners"? There has also been an "opening" in the direction of the circulation of ideas. The recent establishment of CEDUST (University Scientific and Technical Docu- mentation Center) would have been inconceivable only a few years ago. At the Center, French assistance has, since March 1981, made available to Guineans periodicals, monographs, basic reference works. encyclopedias, yearbooks, ' tables and documents of all kinds constituting veritable windows open onto a world of ideas long forbidden to them. The opening also means a better recep- tion now given to foreign aid, when technical assistance was recently denounced in Conakry as an inadmissible form of paternalism. Finally, to come back to 17 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICiAL USE ONLY daily life, what a surprise to see at the airport a prominent Guinean photo- grapher and his children waiting for their plane to depart, all under the indifferent eye of the policeman on duty! It is true that Guinea now says that it is anxious to promote tourism, but how far will that openness go? Proper Choice The dream of~ the chief of state was to replace the bonds of clan solidarity existing in precolonial Guinea~with�the cohesion of a people having discovered the meaning of goverrnnent and to escape the seduction of individualism recom- mended by the colonial system. By being a"Jack of all trades," trying to control everything, the governmerit ended up controlling only the nothingness of a planned economy that tried to be .too ambitious, and the meaning of govern- ment now exists only in the fear still inspired by the very mention of a repressive syste~n that long dealt very harshly with any political deviation. That is certainly not what Ahmed Sekou Toure wanted. In 1958, he probably had no other choice: A new policy requir~:d an economy totally detached from the old system. Even the.natioaal.bus~~iessmen were then deprived of the little economic power they had. Some 23 years af ter, the government's economic power has not succeeded in fighting poverty everywhere and has not even truly put the country to work. While freedom knock.s at the.door once again, will the ~nan of 1958 know how - to impose on those around him (and on himself) the right choice, the choice ~ of an economy that allows profit for a large number but rejects the prof iteer- ing of a f ewf the choice of a goverrnnent machine that would no longer be en- cumbered by an ineffective bureaucracy, the choice of concerted, harmonious action of private and public, national and foreign interests, for an economic development that offers immense pxospects? ~ COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Ci~e Paris 1982 - 11,464 CSO: 4719/895 18 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400540070022-5 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY i ~ ~ GUINEA-BISSAU ~ . ; i t . I j , ~ BRIEFS WORLD BANK, ARAB PORT FINANCING--~uinea-Bissau has obtained from the World Bank and Arab financial institutions aid totaling $37 million for construction of a new port at Bissau and secondary ports within the country, it was learned in Bissau on 24 February following a meeting of the respective financial backers. The total cos~ of the pro3ects is estimated at $48 million. The financing ob- tained is from the World Bank ($14 million), the Arab Bank for Economic Develop- ; ment in Africa ($10 million), tlne Kuwaiti Fund ($10 million) and the OPEC Fund ($3 million). Guinea-Bissau's own participation will be $2.5 million. The ~ cost of the new port of Bissau, $23 million, will be covered by the Arab insti- ~ tutions, whereas the other works (secondary ports, signals, fishing wharf) and ~ *pchnical assistance for these pro~ects will be financed by the World Bank. ! The studies on the port of Bissau have been assigned to a Dutch firm [Text] i [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1895, 5 Mar 82 p 680] , [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie, Paris 1982] 11915 ~ ~ ~ CSO: 4719J724 ~ . ( ~ ~ i i ~ ~ ~ I I i ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ ~ , ! 1 9 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY MADAGASCAR BRIEFS MILITARY PROMOTIONS--By virtue of Decree dated 23 April, 1982, colonels Edouard Rabeong, chairman of the Military Committee for Development, and Jean Rakotoarison, Army Chief of Staff, were promoted to the rank of. brigadier gene- ral; Captain Gay Sibon, defense minister, was promoted to the rank of vice admiral. Now, along with the inspector general of the armed forces, General Roland Rabetafika, there are four general officers. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French 7 May 82 p 1226] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982] CSO: 4719/987 . . 20 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007102/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 , FOR OFFLCiAL USE ONLY ~ i ~ i - i . MQZAMBIQiTL ~ I ~ ~ i i ~ BRIEFS ~ GDR AGRICULTURAL COOPERATION--Under the agreements signed in 1979 between Mozambique and the GDR, an agricultural improvement pro~ect, involving 120,000 ' hectares, will be implemented: 80,000 hectares in the province of Manica, ~ 20,000 hectares in the province of Niassa and 20,000 hectares in the province , of Zambezia. These areas will be used to grow wheat, corn and soybeans. At present, 4,500 hectares have been cleared in the province of Manica and 8 East German engineers ara making soil studies. The project will be started later, based on the results of the feasibility study, with Mozambique providing the space and labor and the GDR the technicians and machinery and aZso providing the training of Mozambican managers. The project's practical implementation inv~olves the creation of about 15 mixed companies between Mozambique and the ; GDR. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUR ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, ~ ' 26 Feb 82 p 638] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie, Paris 1982] 11915 , i ~ CSO: 4719/724 i ~ ; ! i ~ ~ ~ .I I ! 21 i I FOR OFFICIAL USE ON~.Y ~ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY NAMIBIA OFFICIALS ARGUE OVER TERRITORY'S ECONOMIC STATE AB319038 London REIJTER in English Q853 QKT 31 May 82 [By David Reid] jText] Windhoek, N~mibia, 31 May REUTER--A major talkingpoint in Namib~ia is a controversial speecti by millionaire farmer Eric Lang accusing South Africa of using this disputed territory as a s~lave ecor~;,~y and paralysing its develop- ment. Dirk Mudge, chairman of Na~nibia`s ruling Ministerial Council, and also a mil- = lionaire farmer, has introduced a budget wh3:ch reveals th at South Africa will contribute 450 million rand C418 million dollars~~ for Namibia's battered economy. "Few other gover~ents in the world would fiave granted budgetary aid to this - extent to another country while experiencing economic prolilems themselves," Mr Mudge said. The coztrasting statements by the two white Namibian leaders spatlight the ambivalent attitude to South Africa, which has ruled the former German colony _ fnr 62 years, the last 35 in defiance of most international opinion. They also show the dile~a of internal leaders struggling with grave economic and political groblems at a delicate phase of international efforts to work out an independence settlement which would end the 16-year-old bush war be- tween South African-led troops and the black guerrillas of rhe South West Africa People's Organisation (SWAPO). Mr Mudge told the National Assembly that the slump in the diamond industry-- from which Namibia earns 40 per cent of its tax revenue-~aas the main reason for the territory's economic woes. Last year diamonds yielded only 38 million rand (35 million dollars), 86 mil- lion rand (80 million dollars) below the figure expected. Diamond revenue this year was estimated at 35 million rand (32 million dollars). Mr Mudge's budget inc~luded tax increases of five per cent on companies, ex- cluding mining, and a 10 per cent increase in personal income tax to be paid through levies . .r 22 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000540070022-5 FaR OFFICIAI. USE ONLY i f ! Mr Mudge responded to attacks on his ruling multi-racial Democratic Turn- ~ halle Alliance (DTA) administratton by saying his liudget showed parity had ; been achieved among Namibia's white, coloured (mixed race) and black popula- ~ tion groups in the fields of education, fiealtfi and social security. ~ "We have encountered a bad stretch of road," he told the assembly "but we should not despair." In his speech to the influential German business interests group (Deutsche ; Interessengemein~chaft) h~re, Mr Land--described by one high administration official as a self-appointed ombudsman--blamed South Africa, some of the ' major mining companies and "home-grown politicians" for Namibia's current prob le~ . ' "The South African Government, cer~tain multi-national interests, the United ~ Nations, as well as local incompetence, inefficiency and-or corruption have either knowingly or unwittingly conspired to deprive us of a healthy economy and political ~tability," Mr Land sai~d. "South Africa has saddled us with an enormous~ly complicated, bloated, in- efficient and hideously expensive government system devoid of all sanity, has institutionalised tribalis~m and effectively led to the semi-paralysis of the political and economic development of the territory." He condemned the current provisional internal government as a sham because, he said, South Africa's Administrator-General Danie Hough could abolish the Ministerial Council and the National Assembly at the stroke of a pen. In his references to a"slawe economy," Mr Lang cited the ailing fishing in- dustry, preferential tax treatment for the giant Rossing Uranium Mine and ; lack of support for farmtng. ~ Mr Lang urged that Na~nib.ia should declare itself a neutral state after in- dependence on the model of Switzerland, Austria or S~aeden. "Opt out of the East-West conflict and:escape the conflicts of Southern Africa." Many politicians and businessmen privately agree that Mr Lang produced some telling arguments. Mr Mudge himself has been a frequent critic of Administra- tor-General Hough and some aspects of South African policy towards its neigh- bor. ~ Since Mr Lang's speech Mr Mudge's arch-rival Kosie Pretorius, leadez of the National Party, has renewed his call for Mr Hough to take over the government and dissolve the Ministerial Council and the assembly pending the drafting of a new constitution. Dr Johan Jones, Namibia's secretary for finance, re3ected charges that Rossing Unanium Mines, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Britain's Rio Tinto Zinc, had evaded tax. He said Rossing had been allowed tax exemption until it had co- vered its investment costs and would start paying tax by the end of this year or early next year. - 23 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R000540070022-5 F(jR OFHI('IA1, l.1SF. Oh1.Y Hugh Mortimer, director of Namibia's biggest local company with major inter- ~ ests in breweries, fisher~.es, cattle, hotels and supermarkets, said the ailing fishing industry was picking up thanks to a conservation programme to counter over-fishing. He said one problem was that Soviet and European trawlers had been plunder- ing tha deep seas off Namibia, where fish were spawned, without observing any quotas. . Mr Mortimer said his company was showing confidence in the future by building a new brewery at a cost of 18 million rand (17 million dollars). Harold Pupkewitz, outgoing preside:~t of the Chamber of Co~?erce and Industries in Namibia, said in his annual report that the economic position was not nearly as bad as the prophets of doom maintained. He said: "Higher productivity and greater liquidity are the two keys to sur- - vival and progress. Do not be put off by the ongoing political wrangle over _ the independence issue, which may be a process of years or months. "Prepare to adapt to wt~atever may come either way is my advice. Watch the world economic trend and look care~ully at the South Africa business scene. Tr~ey are our Southern Cross in the economic heaven." cso: 4700/1296 1 2~+ FOR OFFIC[AL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500070022-5 . FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~ ~ ; NIGER i ~ ~ f ~ r ; JOURNAL REPORTS ON BDRN'S AID TO DEVELOPMENT ' Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 793 [Text] At the time the Development Bank of the $epublic of Niger (BDRN) was ; created in 1961, the country had only the services of a single commercial ~ bank. Since then three new foreign banks have been established in Niger. ~ BDRN's original CFA 150 million in capital has gradually risen to CFA 2.5 ~ billion through successive increases over the years. Independently of local resources, which consist of client deposits, the bank has resorted to foreign aid in the form of long-term loans and lines of credit from different specialized f inancial institutions (Central Fund for Economic . Cooperation, USAID, the African�Development Bank, the French Bank of Foreign Trade, BNP [National Bank of Paris], Midland Bank. Inter-Union, and so on), ; which had risen to CFA 6.7 billion by the end of September 1980. For fiscal year 1980, BDRN's turnover totaled CFA 8.3 billion. The volume of client i deposits, accounts payable at sight, deposit accounts and fixed deposit ~ receipts represented CFA 36.6 billion as of 30 September 1980. ~ In comparison, the total amount af credits to the economy amounted to CFA 48.6 billion. The Nigerien state also benefited from CFA 10.1 billion in advances. Moreover, the bank holds a portfolio of shares in the capital of 32 local enterprises, totaling CFA 1.1 billion. BDRN has participated actively in the financing of industrial-type investments in major projects. This is how large medium- and long-term competitions were opened to uranium ore mining companies (Somaire, Com:nal-, SMTT [expansion unknown]), the concessionary company of the Tahoua-Arlit uranium road, and the Nigerien Coal Company (Conichar). Financing was also granted for establishment of the Nigerien Brewery and a dry cell manufacturing plant for construction of.hotels. The state's actions were supported by prefinancing from the bank, especially with respect to agricultural and hydroponic development, road and airport infrastructures, modernization and expansion ~f the telecommcnunications network and water drilling programs, etc. : 25 , FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00854R000540070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Some 63.2 percent of BDRN's capital is distributed among the state (37 percent), public organizations (22 percent), and Nigerien private shareholders (4.2 percent), and 36.8 percent among f inancial institutions (Central Bank of the West African States, Central Fund for Economic Cooperation, German Development Company, Credit Lyonnais, the French Foreign Trade Bahk, Tunisian Banking Company, the Tunisian Banking Union and ~o on) and foreign private shareholders, who represent 1.4 percent. The board of directors is presided over by Minister of Finance Moussa Tondi, a senior off icer of the Quartermaster General's staff. It includes repre- sentatives of the Nigerien Treasury, public organizations and shareholding financial institutions. Amadou Nouhou handles the general management of the bank. COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981 9380 - CSO: 4719/755 ' 26 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02109: CIA-RDP82-00850R400540070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ~ _i ~ NIGER ~ ( ~ , ~ BRIEFS ' YOUTH FESTIVAL--The seventh artistic, cultural and sports festival of Nigerien youth was held from 7 to 14 April in Agadez. Some 4,000 young people from the ; country's seven departments vied with one another for a week in music, sports _ and theater competition (i~i French and the national languages). The festival, , like those that preceded it, Oumarou Mamane, Nigerien minister of youth, sports and cul'ture, is a"rendez-vous of brotherhood, solidarity and national unity." It is the opportunity, created by the Supreme Military Council (CMS), in power since 1974, for young people of all social conditions and all ethnic and linguistic origins to come together,.learn to know one another and "forge a common national conscience." [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1152] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982] 11,464 AGRICULTURAL, STOCKRAISING TRAINING CENTERS--On 18 February the Nigerien ~ Council of Ministers adopted two bills~ providing f~r the creation in Kolo of ! a state public institution named the Practical Institute of Rural DevelopmenC ~ (IPDR) and a state public institution named the School for Stockraising Personnel (ECE). These two texts aim at improving structures for welcoming, recruiting and training rural development personnel. [Text] [Paris MAR.CHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 793] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 CSO: 4719/755 i 27 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2047/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000504070022-5 I~OR OFFI('IAI. II~N. ONI.Y SAO TOME AND PRINCIPE BRIEFS EEC PALM PLANTATION FINANCING--Oilseed Crops (5th EDF [European Development Fund] subsidy of 2.108 million ECU's [European Currency Unit] and 4th EDF subsidy of 52,000 ECU's). The purpose of the project is, on one hand, to develop a 400-hectare plantation of selected oil palms and, on ~he other, to continue . an experimental program intended mainly to produce seeds of highly productive hybrid coconut palms. The sites reserved are in the southeast and east coastal area of the island of Sao Tome. During a period of full yield, the plantation would provide ann~al production of about 1,360 tons of paLn oil and 270 tons of palmetto palms. The production of vegetable material from coconut palms would make it possible to consider developing high-yield plantations in the near future. However, the first phase of the current project covers only the plantation and social measures for its workers; an oil mill will be built during the second phase while the social impact of the operation will be developed. - The pro~ect will make possible a significant "import substitution" for the government and improved supply for consumers. [Excergts] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1894, 26 Feb 82 p 604] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie, Paris 1982j 11915 CSO: 4719/724 2$ FOR OFF[CIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 ` FOR OFFiCIAL USE ONLY ; ~ ~ I . ~ ~ ~ SENEGAL ~ ~ ~ ~ ~f t ! , ~ RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT TO iNEREASE FOOD PRODU.CTION ~ Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1148 i [Text] Human resources are at the heart of a project whict~ specialists at Michigan State University. expect to carry out in cooperation with the govern- ment of Senegal. The project, which is ready to be launched, should make it ' possible to increase food production in Senegal over the next 3 to 5 years. Cost of the pro~ect will be $106.1 million and it will involve a program in five parts in the field of agriculture and livestock raising. Several multi- ; disciplinary teams will engage in research on the six priority crops, long-term ' improvement of the economy, marketing and human resources, the evaluation of ~ new technologies and more effective relaeions with extension services, improve- ~ ments in relations with world technical assistance services and the reorganiza- ; tion and strengthening of the Senegalese Agricultural Research Institute (IGRA) . . ~ ~ Credits will be supplied by the American Agency for International Development (U. S. AID), the International Development Association (IDA), subsidiary of the World Bank, the Senegalese and French governments, the Inter-State Commit- tee To Fight the Drought in the Sahel (CILSS), the International Institute for Research into Crops in Semi-Arid Tropical Regions and the West African Associatinn for the Development of Rice Growing of the UN Interim Fund on Science and the Technology of Development. i. Twenty-four Senegalese students will go to American universities to complete ; their master's degrees over a period of 2 1/2 years. They will return to ~ Senegal to do research there and study problems encountered by their own farmers. ~ Accord ing to Eicher, the researchers trained through the pro~ect will have a high potential of effectiveness because their efforts will be aimed at studying problems encountered at the village levels and in decision-making. "Food production in itself~cannot solve all problems," he noted, adding that every country should also try to increase the incame of farmers. These two aspects are necessary in order to feed the population and engage in international trade. i I : 29 . FOR OFFICIAI. USE ONLY i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Specialists from the university have already gone to Senegal for preparatory visits and the team of resear~h workers who will be involved in the project full t3me under Bingen will leave Michigan at the end of April for about 4 years. ~ ~ Out of the 24 Senegalese students expected in the United States, 11 have al- ready begun their work at Michigan State University and other institutions - participating in the project. . - Finally, it should be noted that the research workers will use a minicomputer to analyze data gathered in research at the village level. . e COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982 ~ 11,464 CSO: 4719/898 30 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500070022-5 ~'OR OFFICIAL USE ONLY ! f ~ i i ~ SENEGAL ; ~ ; p ~ BRIEFS FRENCH-SENEGALESE COOPERATION AGREEMENT--Jean-Pierre Cot, French minister of cooperation, and Mamadou Tour, Senegalese minister of planning and cooperation, signed an agreement on 26 April, following the.sixth meeting of the ministerial ~ committee of French-Senegalese cooperation. This agreemeni defines the main ' cooperation operations for 1982, giving priority.to actions that might lend ; support to the Senegalese recovery plan. Financial commitments are on the ~ order of 4 billion CFA francs from the FAC (Aid and Cooperation Fund) and ~ 20 billion GFA francs from the Central Fund for Economic Cooperation, Cot said. , Development projects chosen essentially concern: the rural sector (f ood and ; grain production in the Senegal River Valley, livestock raising and f ishing i in Casamance), the mining and industrial sector (phosphate and lignite re- search, feasibility studies for working of the iron and peat deposits) and the training and public health sectors. According to Cot, "Senegal is a partner with which we intend to establish particularly intense bonds." This applies to the aid to development and economic and financial solidarity, but also to general relations between the two nations in the political and cultural do- - mains, Cot said, before emphasizing that "it is this whole ensembl,e of rela- tions which President Mitterrand will have the opportunity to illustrate at the time of the trip he will make to Senegal in a month." In addition to the . historical considerations, the French minister enumerated three additional , reasons explaining France's predeliction for Senegal: its experience as a ~ pluralistic democracy, its "courageous economic recovery measures" and the i fight against corruption. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS ' in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1147] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982] 11,464 ENEL-SENELEC COOPERATION--An agreement protocol was signed in Dakar on 17 April between the National Electric Power Agency of Italy (ENEI,), represented by Marcello Inghilesi, its vice president, and the Senegalese Electric Power Distribution Company (SENELEC), represented by Louis Alexandrenne, chairman of ' the board. The signing was witnessed by Claudio Moreno, Italian ambassador to Senegal. The purpose of the protocol is to define areas in which cooperation between the two parties might come about. This cooperation will essentially consist of the supplying of services, technical advice in the fields of produc- j tion, transport and the distribution of electric power, and the completion of ! studies concerning projects, the construction of new fac~ilities and research. ~ ~ [TextJ [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr j 82 p 1147] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982] 11,464 i i r ~ ~ 31 . j FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/49: CIA-RDP82-00850R040500070022-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY LOAN TO ICS--A bank loan of 10.5 billion CFA francs was recen~ly granted Co tiie Chemical Industries of Senegal (ICS). The loan, granted on advantageous condi- tions (duration: 13 years; rate of interest: 7.75 percent),, will serve to f inance the purchase~of French equipment in order to complete an important ~ phosphoric acid and fertilizer manufacturing project. This credit represents some 15 percent of the overall cost of the project. Ttie consortium which grants the loan includes the French Foreign Trade Bank, the International Bank for West Africa and the National Bank of Paris. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPI- CAUX ET MEDTERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1147] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982] 11,464 EDF GUM PLA'.rTATIONS LOAN--The European Development Fund (EDF) is going to grant 2.4 milli~.,n ecus for the 2,500-hectare gum plantation in the Senegalese region of Podor.. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1903, 30 Apr 82 p 1147] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1982] 11,464 MUNICH SENEGALESE WEEK--As part of its policy of promoting trade and, more particularly, of diversifying its trading partners, the Senegalese Foreign Trade Center (CSCE) is organizing a Senegalese Trade Week in Munich from 20 to 24 April 1982. In taking this initiative CSCE hopes to develop commercial , exchanges between Senegal and the FRG by improving the balance of trade, which shows a chronic deficit to Senegal's detriment (more than CFA 7 billion in 1980). According to studies performed by CSCE, the German market has interesting prospects for many Senegalese products: small live birds, fresh and canned f ish, fruit and vegetables, honey, animal f eed, cashew nuts, p.eanut oil and byproducts, cotton, manure, calcium phosphates, clothing, gum arabic and fish meal. The week will include an exposition, an economic forum, fashion parties, tourist information, ballets, a food tasting and sale and a gastronomy week. A Senegalese mission will visit the FRG from 21 to 28 March to complete preparations for this week. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 788] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux .et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 UNIVERSITY OPENING DELAYED--Gaston Berger University in Saint Louis will begin operations in 1983 and not in October 1982, Djibril Sene, the Senegalese minister of higher education pointed out on 6 March. He explained that this postponement is due to the delays in completing construction of the university. �[Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 788] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 HIGHER BREAD PRICES--The price of bread in Cape Verde increased on 8 March. A small loaf went from CFA 60 to CFA 70 and a large loaf from CFA 90 to CFA 110. Several combined factors explain this increase: f irst, the rise in international wheat prices and ~he reduction in the rate of EEC subsidy (from which Senegal imports almost all of this cereal). To these external factors are added the rise in freight rates, in customs duties from 0 to 15 percent, increasing production costs (salary, energy, sacks, maintenance equipment, and so on). And as a consequence of all these factors, there has been an approximately 42 percent rise in the cost of bread flour. As fo~ bread itself, 'readjustment of the costs of other raw materials that go into breadmaking (yeast, salt, and so on) has been instituted. Wheat, however, is sub~ect to price equalization. The Price Equalization and Stabilization Fund had been paying close to CFA 1 billion annually to subsidize this cereal. In order 32 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2407/42/09: CIA-RDP82-40850R000500470022-5 Fc~r this equalization not to become oppressive, the state was obliged to , :icc~~pt ttiis increase as part of the economic and financial r.ecovery plan. These new prices affect Cape Verde. For the other regions, prices will have ~u make allowances for transport; they will be slightly tiigher than Cape Verde prices. [Text] [Paris MARCHES TROPICAUX ET MEDITERRANEENS in French ; No 1897, 19 Mar 82 p 788] [COPYRIGHT: Rene Moreux et Cie Paris 1981] 9380 , CSO: 4719/755 IND ; I I ~ . ~ I I ; i % ~ I i ~ I ~ I I ~ ~I i ~ I I I I I i ~ 33 i ' FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY I i ~ i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/09: CIA-RDP82-00850R000500070022-5

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